Negative emotional contagion and cognitive bias in common ravens (Corvus corax)
- Author(s)
- Jessie Adriaense, Jordan S. Martin, Martina Schiestl, Claus Lamm, Thomas Bugnyar
- Abstract
Emotional contagion is described as an emotional state matching between subjects, and has been suggested to facilitate communication and coordination in complex social groups. Empirical studies typically focus on the measurement of behavioral contagion and emotional arousal, yet, while highly important, such an approach often disregards an additional evaluation of the underlying emotional valence. Here, we studied emotional contagion in ravens by applying a judgment bias paradigm to assess emotional valence. We experimentally manipulated positive and negative affective states in demonstrator ravens, to which they responded with increased attention and interest in the positive condition, as well as increased redirected behavior and a left-eye lateralization in the negative condition. During this emotion manipulation, another raven observed the demonstrator's behavior, and we used a bias paradigm to assess the emotional valence of the observer to determine whether emotional contagion had occurred. Observers showed a pessimism bias toward the presented ambiguous stimuli after perceiving demonstrators in a negative state, indicating emotional state matching based on the demonstrators' behavioral cues and confirming our prediction of negative emotional contagion. We did not find any judgment bias in the positive condition. This result critically expands upon observational studies of contagious play in ravens, providing experimental evidence that emotional contagion is present not only in mammalian but also in avian species. Importantly, this finding also acts as a stepping stone toward understanding the evolution of empathy, as this essential social skill may have emerged across these taxa in response to similar socioecological challenges.
- Organisation(s)
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology, Vienna Cognitive Science Hub, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology
- External organisation(s)
- Emory University, Miami University, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Universität Wien
- Journal
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)
- Volume
- 116
- Pages
- 11547-11552
- No. of pages
- 6
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817066116
- Publication date
- 05-2019
- Peer reviewed
- Yes
- Austrian Fields of Science 2012
- 501014 Neuropsychology, 501011 Cognitive psychology
- Keywords
- ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General
- Portal url
- https://ucris.univie.ac.at/portal/en/publications/negative-emotional-contagion-and-cognitive-bias-in-common-ravens-corvus-corax(9a0c1b31-f0cb-435e-8350-5265d75d5363).html